Fired at the muzzle, a representative .223 Remington load (3.6 g, FMJ, 990 m/s) reaches roughly 13 mm (0.5 inches) into steel a36. That is enough to defeat a typical barrier of this material — treat anything behind it as exposed.
About Steel A36
Mild structural steel plate (~6 mm); car bodies are far thinner (~1 mm).